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El Rio is a small unincorporated community in Ventura County, California, United States, on the northeast side of the 101 Freeway and Oxnard, and south of the Santa Clara River. The town was founded in 1875 and named New Jerusalem, California by the owner of general store who became the first postmaster in 1882. In 1885, a school and Santa Clara Catholic Church were built. Located near where the coastal railroad line crosses the Santa Clara River, the town's name was changed to El Rio around 1900. The former wagon river crossing route became the Ventura Freeway which separates the community from the commercial developments that grew up on the southwest side of the freeway. That portion of the historic community and sections closer to the river have been annexed to the city of Oxnard. Vineyard Avenue (State Route 232) is the central business district for the largely residential community. The population was 7,198 at the 2010 census, up from 6,193 at the time the 2000 census was enumerated. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined an El Rio census-designated place (CDP) which does not precisely correspond to the historical community as portions have been annexed to the city of Oxnard. ==History== Early inhabitants of the area were the Chumash, a peaceful tribe who built canoes and milled the acorns. Their region extended from Point Conception to Santa Monica and back into the foothills as far as the Coast Range. One of their largest settlements was at nearby Saticoy, because of the bubbling springs that were found there. On May 6, 1837, Juan M. Sanchez (1791–1873), a former Santa Barbara Presidio soldier, was granted the Rancho Santa Clara del Norte, which contained of land extending from the Santa Clara River south to the northern boundary of present day Camarillo, and from the present day 101 Freeway east to the west end of South Mountain. Sanchez and his wife, Ines Guevara de Sanchez (1794–1862), had their adobe home built below the western slope of South Mountain, within a heavy group of eucalyptus trees at the east end of present day Rose Avenue, an avenue that was lined on both sides with tall eucalyptus trees. The town was founded in 1875 and named New Jerusalem, California, by Simon Cohn (1852–1936),〔"El Rio (Co. ). ''California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names, Fourth Edition''. 2004. p. 122.〕 a Prussian Jewish merchant who owned a general store at the location. The U.S. Post Office Department established New Jerusalem Post Office on July 26, 1882, and Cohn was appointed the first postmaster. The first one-room schoolhouse was opened in 1885. Santa Clara Catholic Church was founded the same year though services has been conducted since 1877.〔Storer, Mark (November 27, 2010) "Mass to celebrate milestone for Oxnard parish: Santa Clara is marking 125th year as church" ''Ventura County Star''〕 It was the first Catholic church to be built in Ventura County since the founding of Mission San Buenaventura 95 years earlier.〔Chawkins, Steve (November 30, 1989) "Plaque Marks Site of Area's First Church" ''Los Angeles Times''〕 Octaviano and Rosaria Moraga were early settlers who first came to county in the 1870s from Sonora, Mexico. Octaviano worked as the barkeeper at the New Parian Hotel in Ventura, and ran a boarding house they owned in Ventura. They eventually were able to buy land in New Jerusalem where Octaviano ran a livery stable. He also drove a two-horse stage between Port Hueneme and the Montalvo train station. His descendants were part of the El Rio community up into the 21st century.〔Moraga, Frank (April 20, 2008) ("El Rio loses another link to historic past" ) ''Ventura County Star''〕 On February 14, 1895, the postal authority changed the name of the town to Jerusalem.〔"Post Office Opens After Four Decades." ''Los Angeles Times''. Oct. 5, 1953, from Oxnard, Oct. 4. p. B 9.〕 Four months later, they changed it to Elrio, one word. In 1905, they changed it to El Rio, two words, which means in Spanish "The River," aptly referring to the nearby Santa Clara. The El Rio Post Office was discontinued on October 31, 1911. It was reestablished in 1953.〔ibid.〕 Until Rio Mesa High School was built on Central Avenue northeast of El Rio and opened in 1965, El Rio students were bused to Oxnard High School and later to Camarillo High School in Camarillo. The post office was discontinued again in 1966.〔"El Rio ()." ''Durham's Place-Names of Greater Los Angeles: Includes Los Angeles, Orange and Ventura Counties''. 2001. p. 58.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「El Rio, California」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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